Nelson Doubleday, founded in 1946 by publisher Nelson Doubleday Jr., began as a subsidiary of the Doubleday publishing company, primarily focusing on popular music. The label gained prominence in the 1950s and 1960s, specializing in genres such as pop, rock, and jazz. It was known for signing notable artists, including the legendary jazz musician Duke Ellington and pop singer Johnny Mathis. In the 1970s, Nelson Doubleday expanded its catalog to include more diverse genres, reflecting the changing musical landscape. The label's partnership with RCA Records in the late 20th century helped to further its reach and influence in the industry. Despite its eventual decline in the 1980s, Nelson Doubleday's contributions to popular music, particularly in the realms of jazz and pop, have left a lasting legacy. The label is remembered for its role in promoting a variety of artists and shaping the sound of American music during its active years.